Background of the Study
Hand hygiene is one of the most effective measures for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and ensuring patient safety (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play a critical role in infection control by adhering to proper hand hygiene practices, including handwashing with soap and water or using alcohol-based sanitizers (Usman & Bello, 2024).
Despite global efforts to promote hand hygiene, compliance among healthcare workers, including nurses, remains a challenge, particularly in low-resource settings such as Kebbi State. Studies indicate that poor adherence to hand hygiene is associated with high infection rates, prolonged hospital stays, and increased healthcare costs (Ahmed & Yusuf, 2023). Several factors contribute to poor compliance, including lack of awareness, inadequate supplies, high workload, and absence of monitoring mechanisms (Olawale & Hassan, 2024).
This study seeks to evaluate nurses’ compliance with hand hygiene practices in Kebbi State, identify the factors influencing adherence, and propose strategies to enhance hand hygiene compliance.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the emphasis on hand hygiene as a fundamental infection control measure, compliance among nurses in Kebbi State remains suboptimal. Healthcare facilities continue to report high rates of hospital-acquired infections, which are often linked to poor hand hygiene practices (Adegbite & Yusuf, 2024). Factors such as lack of hand hygiene facilities, insufficient training, and workload pressure may contribute to poor compliance (Ahmed et al., 2024).
Limited research has been conducted on nurses’ compliance with hand hygiene in Kebbi State, making it necessary to investigate the level of adherence, barriers to compliance, and strategies for improvement.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the level of nurses’ compliance with hand hygiene in Kebbi State.
2. To identify the barriers to effective hand hygiene practices among nurses.
3. To recommend strategies for improving nurses’ adherence to hand hygiene guidelines.
Research Questions
1. What is the level of nurses’ compliance with hand hygiene in Kebbi State?
2. What are the major barriers to hand hygiene compliance among nurses?
3. What strategies can enhance nurses’ adherence to hand hygiene protocols?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses' compliance with hand hygiene in Kebbi State is below recommended standards.
2. Lack of facilities and training significantly affects hand hygiene adherence.
3. Implementing hand hygiene training programs will improve compliance among nurses.
Definitions of Terms
• Hand Hygiene: The practice of handwashing with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizers to prevent infections.
• Compliance: The extent to which nurses adhere to recommended hand hygiene protocols.
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